Carburetor



Dec. 29, 1931. J, B, KESSEL 1,839,102

CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 8, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l J. B. KESSEL Dec. 29,1931.

CARBURETOR Filed DeC- 8, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 vline 3 3, Figure 1. v

Patented Dec. 29, 1931 UNITED STATES JOHANNES B. KESSEL, OF CHICAGO,ILLINOIS CARBURETOB Application filed ecember 8, 1927. Serial No.238,576.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors for carburetingand mixing air with-hydro-carbon liquid fuels, such as are employed inhydro-carbon or internal combustion engines, and one of the objects ofthe invention is to improve and simplify the construction of acarburetor of -this character,

`thereby reducing the cost of manufacture and at the same time provide acarburetor which will produce a maximum amount of power with a minimumamount of fuel.

To the attainment of these endsand the accomplishment of other new anduseful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features ofnovelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangementof the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed andshown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this inven tion, and inwhich Figure 1 is a View partly in side elevation, partly broken awayand partly in section of a carburetor of this character constructed inaccordance with the principles of this in-l vention. A y

Figure 2 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken on line 2 2, Figure1.

AFigure 3 is a detail sectional view'taken on Figure 4 is a detailsectional view taken on line 4 4, Figure y1.

Figure 5 is a detail sectional view taken on line 5 5, Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a detail view partly in elevationv and partly in'section,and as taken approxmately on the line 6 6, Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the diaphragm for controlling themovement of the control valve.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a washer or member forlcontrolling theinlet of the fuel.

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9 9, Figure 8.

Referring lnore particularly to the draw-4 ings the numeral 10designates generally a mixing chamber having an air` inlet 11 and a Amixture exit 12.

A butterfly throttle valve 13 is arranged to control the passage of fueland air through the outlet 12 and the throttle is provided with atubular shaft 14, the ends of which are journaled as at 15-16 in thewalls of the chamber. The throttle is provided with a. slot 17 (seeparticularly Figure 3) 011 one 55 s? de thereof and the 'slot isdisposed substantially parallel with the faces of the throttle, andpreferably terminates -short of the shaft 14 to provide a body portion18which forms the bottom of the slot. Passing through the portion 18 are aplurality of apertures 19 which form communication between the interiorof the shaft 14 and the slot 17 so that fuel entering the shaft 14, in amanner to be hereinafter described, willpass through the apertures 19into the slot 17 to be discharged therefrom into the chamber 10. i

The throttle is adapted to be actuated by means of an arm 20 which issecured to one I end of the shaft 14 and the arm is actuated 70 in theordinary and well known maner (not shown). l

Within a fuel inlet chamber 21 is a-diaphragm 22 constructed of anysuitable material dividing the chamber into an inlet chamber and asuction chamber 23. In the suction chamber is arranged a piston 24 whichis connected with the diaphragm and a piston rod 25 passes througha'suitable bearing 26 for guiding the piston. Leading into the `suctionchamber 21 on the other side 0f the diaphragm 22 is a passage 27 whichmay be connected as at 28 with the source of supplyof fuel. A valve 29is connected with the diaphragm 22 and piston 24 to close or con- 85 itrol the opening 30 of the passage 27 and a spring 31a is arranged onthe opposite side of the diaphragm and between the piston 24 1 and thewall of the chamber 23, and tends The lip or tongue 32 of the disc orwasher 31 101?A 1s rasillant and tends normally to spring away from theopening 30 when the valve y29 is unseated, so that the opening 30 willbe uncovered to permit the fuel to flow into the chamber 21. The valve29 is unseated by the suction created in the engine and to that end apassage 33 leads from the suction chamber 23 to the chamber 10 (seeparticularly Figure 1) so that when the engine Iis running suction willalways be manifested in the suction chamber 23 to unseat the valve 29against the stress of the spring 31. As this valve is unseated ythenatural resiliency or spring in the lip or tongue 32 will cause it tomove away from the opening 30 so as to permit the fuel to flow into thechamber 21. The fuel entering the chamber 21 will flow into the hollowshaft 14 of the throttle 13 and from thence through the openings 19 intothe slot 17 to be delivered through the throttle 13 into the mixingchamber 10, Where it will commingle with the air being drawn in throughthe opening 11 and past the throttle into the chamber 10 by the suctioncreated in the engine.

This discharge of' fuel from the chamber 21 is controlled by a needlevalve, and the needle valve construction is arranged within the hollowshaft 14. To that end there is provided a tubular member 34 which isreduced at one end and shaped to form a seat 35 ,at the extremitythereof. The other end of the tubular member 34 is threaded as at 36 andis inserted into the shaft 16 by passing the tubular member through anopening 37 in the disc or washer 31 and through the bottom of thechamber 21, and threading the same into an opening in the wall of thecasing. This member 34 is preferably provided with a head 38 which is ofa diameter somewhat greater than the opening 37 in the disc or washer 31so that the disc or washer will be held against the bottom of thechamber 21 by the head 38 of the tubular member 34. The tubular member34 is open at its inner end so as to form communication between thechamber 21 and the interior of the shaft 16. This tubular member may beof any desired length but preferably extends for some considerabledistance .into the throttle 13. A needle valve 39 is arranged within theshaft 14 and projects thereinto from the end of the shaft opposite tothe end adjacent which the member 34 is arranged. A portion of theneedle valve is shaped to form a bearing 40 which fits within the shaft,and a stem 41 on the valve projects through the adjacent end of theshaft 40 and also preferably through the arm 20. The stem 41 is of anexternal diameter less than the internal diameter of the shaft 14 sothat a spring 42 may be arranged between the end of thebearing 40 andthe arm 20 and tends normally to move the needle valve 39 against theseat 35 of the tubular member 34. Thus it will be Seen that by adjustlngthe needle valve 39 the flow of fuel throughthe throttle 13 will becontrolled. By moving the valve 39 away from the seat 35 fuel whichenters the tubular member 34 will be delivered into the shaft 14 andthence through the openings 19 into the slot 17 to be delivered throughthe throttle 13 and into the chamber 10. By adjusting the needle valveit will be manifest that the supply of fuel may be readily controlled.

Any suitable means may be provided for adjusting the needleV valve 39with respect to the seat 35 and to that end there may be provided acollar 43 which is threaded upon the stem 41 of the needle valve and alock nut 44 may be provided for holding the col'- lar in its adjustedposition.

Mounted uponv the casing of the device is a su port and guide 45 uponwhich a sleeve 46 reely moves, and projecting from the sleeve is abifurcated arm 47 which enters a groove 48 in the collar l43. v Carriedby the arm 47 is a projection 49, and secured to and movable with thearm 20 is a cam 50. The cam 50 and the projection 49 areso arranged thatthe spring 42 operating against the needle valve 39 will hold theprojection 49 against the cam 50, the sleeve 46 sliding freely upon theguide and support 45. When the arm 20 is rocked to move the throttle 13,the cam 50 will move the sleeve 46 upon the uide 45,thereby movingtheneedle valve in a irection away from the seat 35 so that by theoperation of the throttle 4the supply of fuel will be correspondinglcontrolled. When the arm 20 is moved in t e opposite direction, thespring 42 operates to move the needle valve 39 towards its seat 35 andalso causes the sleeve 46 to follow upon the guide 45.

By adjusting the position of the arm 20 with respect to the shaft 14which may be accomplished through the medium of a fastening device 51,the extent of movement of the needle valve 39 with respect totheadjusment of the throttle 13 may be varied at wil With this constructionit will be manifest that the fuel when it is being supplied to themixing chamber will not strike the throttle but will flow through thethrottle to be delivered into the mixin chamber and entering the slot 17the fuel will be equally distributed throughout the area of thethrottle.

In order to provide a means whereby a small amount o fuel may besupplied to the engine, when the throttle is closed and to provide foridling of the engine, the throttle 13 may be provided with a cut awayportion or slot 52 through its edge so that the supply of air will notbe entirely cut oif. A passage 53 is also provided (see Figure 1) whichleads from the fuel inlet chamber 21 and preferably has communicationwith the suction passage 33. A needle valve 54 is provided forcontrolling the passage 53 so with this construction the ordinary chokeis dispensed with and the supply of fuel will be lat all times under thecontrol of the operator.

While the preferred formof the invention has been herein vshown anddescribed, it is to be understood that various changes may be made inthe details of construction and in the combination and arrangement ofthe several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departingfrom the spirit of this invention. A

What is claimed as new is 1. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, abutterfly throttle valve, means embodying a valve controlled passage fordelivering fuel into the chamber through the throttle valve, a supplypassagefor delivering the fuel to the first saidpassage, a resilientlyyielding element for controlling said supply passage, and means wherebyengine suction will actuate the, said resiliently yielding element.

2. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, valvemechanism within the throttle for controlling delivery of fuel to thechamber through the throttle, a fuel passage for delivering fuel to thesaid valve mechanism, a resilient element for controlling said passage,ineans for engaging and moving said element with respect to the passage,and means whereby engine suction will actuate the last said means.

3. A carburetor embodyingl a mixing chamber, a throttle valve,.valvemechanism within the throttle for controlling delivery of fuel to thechamber through the throttle, means responsive tothe operation of theelthrottle for controlling the said valve mechanism,l a fuel chamber, aninlet to ther fuel chamber, a resilient-element movable across the inletfor controlling the'latter, a valve for engaging and operating saidelement, and means whereby engine suction will actuate the last saidvalve.

4. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, means foractuating the'throttle, means for delivering fuel to the chamber throughthe throttle, means for controlling the delivery of fuel to the last Yrecited means, an operative connection between the throttle operatingmeans and the fuel delivery control means whereby the latter will beactuated when the throttle is operated, a fuel supplychamber, an'outlet`from the fuel chamber to deliver fuel to the fuel delivery means, aninlet for the fuel chamber, a resilient element movable across the saidinlet to control the same, a valve for engaging and moving the elementacross said inlet, and means whereby engine suction will actuate thelast said valve.

5. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a butterfly throttle valvehaving substantially parallel faces, needle valve mechanism within thethrottle, there being an opening through the throttle and between thefaces thereof, and passages also between the faces of the valve anddischarging into said opening and through which passages fuel isdischarged from the needle valve, a supply passage for the fueldelivered to the needle valve, a resilient element controlling saidpassage, an element for engaging and actuating said resilient element,means whereby englne suction will operate the actuating element, andmeans for actuating the needle valve, the said needle valve' beingresponsive in its operation to the operation of the. throttle.

6. A carburetor embodying a mixing and means for actuating theneedlevalve, the l said needle valve being responsive in its operation to theoperation of the throttle.

7. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a butterfly throttle valvehaving substantially parallel faces, needle valve mechanism within thethrottle, there being an opening through the throttle between the facesthereof, and passages also between the faces of the valve anddischarging into said opening and through which passages fuel isdischarged from the needle valve, a valved passa-ge for supplying fuelto the 'needle valve, means whereby engine'suction will control thevalve in said passage, means for actuating the needle valve, the saidneedle valve being responsive in its operation to the operation Vof thethrottle, and means for varying at will the extent of operation-of theneedle valve, there being an additional passage through'the throttlevalve topermit the passage o fuel when the throttle valve is closed.

8. A carburetor embodying aA mixing chamber, a hollow shaft, a throttleconnected with the shaft, needle valve mechanism arranged within theshaft and throttle,

there being an opening through the shaft and in the throttle dischargingthrough the pe'- riphery of the latter through which fuel is deliveredfrom the needle valve, a lvalved control passage for supplying fuel tothe 5- needle valve, means whereby engine suction will actuate the valvein said passage means for actuating the throttle, and means embodyingcam mechanism for actuating the needle valve when the said throttle isactuated, said throttle having an additional opening therethrough topermit passage of fuel when the throttle is closed.

9. A carburetor -embodying a throttle through which fuel is delivered tothe en- 15 gine, needlevalve mechanism within the throttle, means forcontrolling the needle valve, a fuel chamber, an outlet from the fuelchamber to deliver fuel therefrom, an inlet to said fuel chamber, aresilientelement movable across said inlet to control the inlet, a valvefor engaging and moving said element across said inlet, and meanswherebyengine suction will actuate said valve.

10. A carburetor embodying' a throttle through which fuel is deliveredto the engine, needle valve mechanism within the throttle, means forautomatically actuating the needle valve, a fuel chamber, an outlet fromthe fuell chamber to deliver fuel therefrom, an inlet to said fuelchamber, a resilient element movable across said inlet to control theinlet, a valve for engaging and moving said. element across saidinlet, adiaphragm to which the valve is connected, and means whereby enginesuction will operate upon the Y diaphragm to actuate the valve.

11. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a throttle, a fuel chamber,an outlet leading from said fuel chamber to deliver fuel therefrom, aninlet to the fuel shaft and to which valve fuel is delivered from thefuel chamber, means whereby fuel will be delivered to the mixing chamberthrough the throttle, an inlet to the fuel chamber, a valve in the fuelchamber for controlling said inlet, means whereby the last said valvewill be actuated by engine suction,

an additional .passage leading from the fuell chamber, a valve withinthe fuel chamber for y controlling said inlet, means whereby enginesuction will actuate the valve, an additional passage leading from thefuel chamvalve for controlling the last said passage.

12. A carburetor embod ing a mixing chamber, a throttle, a fuel c amber,an out- -let leading from said fuel chamber to deliver fuel therefrom,an inlet to the fuel chamber, a valve within theA fuel chamber forcontrolling said inlet, means whereby engine suction will actuate thevalve, an additional passage leading from the fuel chamber to thesuction side of the throttle, and a valve for controlling the last saidpassage,

there being a passage through the throttle for admitting to the suctionside 'of the throttle when the throttle is closed air to mix with thefuel delivered throu h the said additional passage from the fue chamber.

' 13. A carburetor embodying a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, ahollow shaft to which the throttle is connected, a fuel chamber, needlevalve mechanism within said ber to the suction side of the throttle, anda operation to the operation of p

